The department of Ophthalmology includes so many minor and major biomedical equipment, here we are going to see some of the most important basic equipment in the ophthalmology area

1. Ophthalmoscope

It is also called funduscopy, it helps the physicians to examine the inner fundus image of the patient, and it will help them to determine the condition of the retina. There are two types of ophthalmoscope one is called direct ophthalmoscope which produces an upright or reversed image of approximately 15 times of magnification and the other type is indirect ophthalmoscope that produces an inverted, or reversed image of 2 to 5 times of magnification.

2. Autorefractor

It is also called as automated refractor which is actually a computer interfacing device used to examine the eye especially the objective measurement of a patient’s refractive power, the normal eye surface has a refractive power of approximately 43 dioptres (a unit of eye refractive power equal to the reciprocal of focal length (meters)of any lens)and it helps the ophthalmologist to prescribe the spectacles or contact lenses.

3. Slit Lamp

It is a very basic instrument used to determine the condition of front and back of the patient’s eye, it consists of a microscope with a bright light helps the physician to diagnose sclera (white of the eye), the cornea (dome-shaped window of the eye), lens (fixed over the pupil (black region of the eye)), retina (innermost layer of eye where the image will focus) and optic nerve (back of the eye connects to the brain).

4. Phoropter

It is one of the most important instruments to diagnose the visual power of the patient that is the doctor can discover the eye problem such as myopia (nearsightedness), hypermetropia (farsightedness) and astigmatism (blurred vision) characteristically, the patient be seated at the back of this Phoropter device, and seem all the way through it at an eye chart (Snellen chart) located at optical infinity (20 feet or 6 meters), then at close (16 inches or 40 centimeters) for individuals requiring interpretation glasses.

5. Tonometry

It is a device used to determine the intraocular pressure ([OL), it means the fluid (aqueous and vitreous chamber) pressure of the human eye and it is also called as ocular tonometry is one of the most important evaluations especially for determining glaucoma (ocular hypertension) generally tonometers are standardized to quantify pressure in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).